Professor Koji Hashimoto of Osaka University has succeeded for the first time in the world in calculating an index of complexity in the dynamics of material elementary particle quarks through joint research with Keio University and Kyoto University.
In the chaos theory that expresses the complexity of motion, a number that expresses the magnitude of complexity called "Lyapunov index" is known.The magnitude of the Lyapunov index indicates the complexity of the movement and thus represents the difficulty of prediction.Exponential calculation is based on the location and velocity of moving particles, but in a microscopic physical system, a principle called quantum mechanics is applied, and the location and velocity cannot be specified at the same time, making the calculation difficult.
So far, the example of applying chaos theory to the motion of elementary particles that form the world has been to the elementary particles (bosons) that mediate force.On the other hand, among the 17 types of elementary particles discovered, it was difficult to apply the chaos theory to "material elementary particles" (fermions) such as quarks, which are the basis of matter.
In this research, by using the "holographic principle" that has been developed in recent years in string theory, it has become possible to incorporate information on location and velocity in motions related to quarks while maintaining the effects of quantum mechanics.Using this method, we succeeded in calculating the Lyapunov index, which is an index of chaos, for elementary particles by equivalently transforming and rewriting the motion of quarks to the motion of virtual bosons.We have shown that chaos exists in the quark movement.
Expanding the scope of application of chaos theory, which can calculate complexity, to material elementary particle quarks, which are difficult to analyze in quantum mechanics, is one step toward clarifying the complexity of the "Standard Model of Elementary Particles" (Note).With this research as an opportunity, it is expected that the reason why nature chooses the standard model of elementary particles will become clear.
(Note) A theory that expresses the description of 17 types of elementary particles and their interactions, and is based on "Spontaneous symmetry breaking" by Dr. Yoichiro Nambu, who won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics.
