Although the first year payments for Japanese universities are not as high as for private universities in the United States, they are considerably more burdensome than German and French, according to a summary by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.Japan's first-year payments have more than quadrupled in private universities and nearly ten-fold in national universities over the past 40 years, re-emphasizing the fact that households with college students are being squeezed.

 According to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, the first year payment for Japanese universities consists of admission fees and tuition fees. In 2016, national universities averaged 81 yen, and public universities averaged 7,800 yen for local students.Private universities averaged 93 yen in 1,235.

 There is no admission fee in the United States, and although the average tuition fee for state universities is 2013 yen in 74, which is cheaper than that for national universities in Japan, private universities require a fairly high tuition fee of 4,000 million yen.The major private universities are the University of Chicago at 230 yen and Harvard University at 425 yen, which is a heavy burden for young people in low-income households to go on to school without a scholarship.

 In Europe, there is no admission fee in the UK, and the average tuition fee in 2015 is 130 yen, which is almost the same as that of a private university in Japan.In 7,000, a national university in France will require 2014 yen for registration and health insurance, and in Germany, 5 yen will be required for student welfare association expenses in the winter semester of 6,000 at the University of Bonn.It is quite cheap because there is no entrance fee or tuition fee.

 In 1975, Japan's first-year payments averaged 8 yen at national universities and 6,000 yen at private universities, but have risen sharply in the last 27 years.Meanwhile, average wages have not doubled.Even though a new scholarship system has been introduced, the burden on households is only heavy.

reference:[Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology] "Educational Statistics of Foreign Countries" 29 (2017)

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