Hawking predicted in 1974 that black holes would have a fever due to the effects of quantum theory.This temperature is called the Hawking temperature and is expressed by an equation proportional to Planck's constant, which expresses the magnitude of the effect of quantum theory.The fact that the temperature is proportional to Planck's constant means that the exothermic phenomenon is entirely due to the quantum mechanical effect.

　The origin of thermal properties in black holes is still a mystery, and unraveling it is one of the greatest challenges of modern physics.Various studies have also been conducted on quantum-theoretical exothermic phenomena, and it has been clarified that they occur not only in black holes but also in supersonic fluids and relativistic acceleration motions, but they occur in very limited situations. It is still a phenomenon.

　On the other hand, the butterfly effect is a phenomenon in which even a slight change has a very large effect over time, such as the diffusion of milk when pouring milk into coffee or the movement of a ball rolling on a mountain. It happens on a daily basis around us.

　This study predicts that when this butterfly effect occurs, an exothermic phenomenon with a temperature proportional to Planck's constant as well as the Hawking temperature can occur.The temperature generated by the quantum-mechanical heat generation phenomenon in the butterfly effect is very low and has not been observed so far, so it will be a challenge to obtain experimental confirmation in the future, but the butterfly obtained from this study. It is hoped that the relationship between the effect and the black hole will help clarify the quantum nature of the black hole.

Paper information:[Physical Review Letters] Thermal emission from semiclassical dynamical systems