The research group of Venture Grand Green Co., Ltd. from Teikyo University, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Chubu University, and Nagoya University, including Associate Professor Yoshitaka Nodaguchi of the Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, has found that tobacco plants belong to different families. On the other hand, I discovered that a tree can be established.
Grafting is a technique that produces plants that have both useful properties by joining two plants into one, and has been practiced for a long time.In agriculture, strains resistant to stress such as diseases and salt-damaged soil are used as rootstocks, and strains with good taste and yield are used as scion to actively produce fruits and vegetables.However, there are many unclear points about the mechanism by which grafting is established, and little analysis has been performed at the molecular level.Therefore, it has been considered that grafting is possible only for closely related species.
Therefore, this time, the research group used seven kinds of tobacco genus plants including Bensamiana tobacco of the Solanaceae family as scion, and not only the same dicotyledonous herb plants as the tobacco genus, but also monocotyledonous plants and woody plants. Benthamiana (Dianthus benthamiana) was tested.As a result, 38 kinds of species and grafting of 73 kinds of families were successful.
Next, as a result of investigating the molecular mechanism by which a heterogeneous graft is established in Nicotiana benthamiana, it was found that β-1,4-glucanase secreted outside the cell is involved in the reconstruction of the cell wall at the junction surface of the graft. I found it.It was also shown that overexpression of β-1,4-glucanase promotes graft adhesion.Furthermore, by using tobacco genus plants as intermediate rootstocks, the possibility of producing agricultural products such as tomatoes using useful root-based plants as rootstocks was presented.
This time, by using the genus Nicotiana as an intermediate rootstock, the possibility of expanding the target of grafting among a wide range of plants has increased.In addition, the development of more efficient grafting technology can be expected as the understanding of the molecular mechanism of grafting progresses.The research group hopes to improve future food problems, food safety, and agricultural sustainability by creating crops that can be harvested with low pesticides even in soils that are not suitable for cultivation.
Paper information:[Science] Cell–cell adhesion in plant grafting is facilitated by β-1,4-glucanases
