Number of successful applicants for private university entrance exams and notification from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

The number of applicants for general entrance examinations at private universities has continued to increase for more than 18 years, despite the declining population of 10 years old.In addition to the increase in the university application rate, large-scale universities in urban areas have set up new faculties and departments and introduced a new entrance examination system, creating an environment where it is easy for examinees to apply concurrently. It's a big factor.With the increase in the number of concurrent applications per person, the total number of applicants has exceeded 380 million.During this period, it can be said that the expansion of the combined application discount system also had a positive effect on the increase in the number of applicants.

As the number of applicants for private university general entrance examinations has increased, the number of successful applicants has naturally increased.Under these circumstances, one notice was issued by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in July 2015.The name of the notification is "Handling of subsidies for ordinary expenses such as private universities related to capacity management after 7".The content of the notification will gradually reduce the rate at which the number of enrolled students exceeds the capacity (also called the enrollment capacity sufficiency rate or excess rate), and if the enrollment capacity sufficiency rate from 1 exceeds 28 times, it will be subsidized accordingly. It's about reducing money.This is the so-called "stricter capacity management".

Not all successful applicants will complete the admission procedure for the entrance examination.Even at the University of Tokyo, there are even some students who pass the exam and do not enroll (although it is extremely rare).Private universities, which carry out multiple entrance examination methods, predict how many successful applicants will complete the admission procedure from the accumulated past data, and determine the number of successful applicants for each entrance examination method.However, the entrance examination environment changes every year, so it is difficult to predict.Due to such an error, it is almost impossible to predict the number of successful applicants so that the enrollment capacity sufficiency rate is 1.0 = the number of enrolled students is exactly the same as the enrollment capacity.The person in charge of entrance examinations at each university would be in trouble.

The purpose of this notice was to correct the overconcentration in Tokyo for regional revitalization, but after that, a notice will be issued that will further add to the situation. In September 2015, "Regarding the enforcement of the notification to partially revise the approval criteria for the establishment of universities, graduate schools, junior colleges and colleges of technology".

Tighter conditions for new expansion of faculties and departments

The above-mentioned "partial amendment of approval criteria" notice means that when a new faculty or department is established, the average enrollment overcapacity rate for the past four years will be reduced from less than 1.3 times in the 4000-year course. The content is to reduce it.Capacity management is becoming stricter here as well.Moreover, the capacity of medium-sized and larger universities with a capacity of 1.05 or more (capacity for all grades) is stricter, and has been reduced by 1.15 to XNUMX times.

In fact, in recent years, many universities have been accelerating the movement to establish new faculties and departments that meet the demands of the times, such as data science and globalization.Therefore, universities planning new faculties in the future have to reduce the number of successful applicants and enrollees more than ever in order to apply for approval.This second notice is the "average for the last XNUMX years", so it will take several years to lower the average.Therefore, each university responded by announcing successful applicants in small steps, reducing the number of regular passers, issuing additional passes, and moving up from candidates who passed the vacancy.

The biggest problem with these two notifications is the students who are taking the exam rather than the university.Every time you receive a pass notification from a different university, you will have to repeat the admission procedure, which will be a financial burden.In the end, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology also issued a notice in September 2018, saying that "the period until the final decision of successful applicants has become longer, and there is a situation that puts an economic and psychological burden on applicants for admission." , The regulation of the over-capacity rate from 9 has been relaxed from 2019 times (1.0 times for large universities with a capacity of 8000 or more, 1.10 times for medium-sized universities with a capacity of 4000 to 8000, and 1.20 times. Universities with less than one person are 4000 times).However, the "authorization criteria" of the second notification may not have been relaxed, and the notification of deregulation of the enrollment capacity excess rate was issued after the 1.30 entrance examination, so 2018 In the entrance examination, the total number of successful applicants at private universities decreased by nearly 2018 from the previous year, which was a severe result for the examinees.

In the 2019 entrance examination, the number of successful applicants at private universities increased from the previous year, but it still did not reach the increase in the number of applicants. This year's 2020 entrance exams have begun without any change in the tendency to select a university.

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