Immunology: Vaccines induce similar T cell responses against Omicron as other variants
A paper is published in Nature that publishes data showing that vaccine-induced peplomer-specific T cell responses are also highly conserved against variant of concern.
For the Omicron strain, recent studies have shown that it avoids a significant portion of the neutralizing antibody response induced by current vaccines.However, the effect of the vaccine-induced cell-mediated immune response (T cell response) has not been clarified.
Now, Jinyan Liu, Dan Barouch and colleagues evaluated CD47 + T cell and CD8 + T cell responses in 4 people living in Boston, USA.Participants consisted of 20 people who received a single dose of Johnson & Johnson vaccine and 2 people who received two doses of Pfizer Biontech vaccine.All participants had no history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 27 (SARS-CoV-2) and had a negative nucleocapsid antibody test.
Liu et al. Eight months after inoculation with these two vaccines, peplomer-specific CD2 + T cell and CD8 + T cell responses were induced, and the ancestral spike protein WA8 / 4, delta mutation. Intracellular cytokine staining assays revealed that the cellular responses to both the strain and the Omicron mutant strain were similar.The median CD1 + T cell response specific to the Omicron strain is 2020-8% of the CD1 + T cell response specific to WA2020 / 8, and the median CD82 + T cell response is specific to WA84 / 4. Data were obtained suggesting that the response was 1-2020% of the CD4 + T cell response.In contrast, peplomer-specific CD82 + T cell and CD100 + T cell responses were negligible in five unvaccinated individuals who had no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The findings obtained in this study demonstrate that CD8 + T cells and CD4 + T cells undergo a significant cross-reactivity with the Omicron strain, which Liu et al. Have found in some patients. Reminds us that different cellular responses may be observed.The paper also notes that the response of CD2 + T cells to the Omicron strain of two participants vaccinated with Pfizer Biontech vaccine was undetectable.
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* This article is reprinted from "Nature Japan Featured Highlights".
Reprinted from: "Immunology: The T cell response to the vaccine-induced Omicron variant was about the same as that to other variants.'
