A research group led by Associate Professor Hiroshi Hara of the Yokohama City University Graduate School of International Management conducted a large-scale questionnaire survey (Hamastadi) targeting 1 married and child-rearing generation households living in Yokohama. We clarified the relationship between housework and childcare time in married couples, and the externalization/automation of housework and housework time.
This survey is a large-scale cohort study spanning five years from 2022 to 2026. It will clarify the factors behind the declining birthrate in cities such as Yokohama from the perspective of family and child-rearing through continuous research. It is intended toBased on the research results, we will understand the current situation of families and child-rearing, and lead to proposals for policy making for a town that is easy to raise children.The subjects of the survey were 5 couples in 20 households of married and child-rearing generation (wives aged 39 to 1) living in Yokohama City. The questionnaire was sent from January 2, and 2023 households received 1 responses (household response rate 3272%, female response rate 5458%, male response rate 32.7%).
According to a survey, full-time wives spend 1.8 hours on weekday housework in households without children, but this increases to 2.2 to 2.5 hours in households with children.There was no relationship between the number of children and housework time for husbands, who spent about half the time spent on housework for wives.The externalization of household chores using side dishes, etc., or the automation of household chores due to the evolution of home appliances has become widespread.In the survey, we grasped the usage status of dishwashers, robot vacuum cleaners, fully automatic drum dryers, electric cooking pots, and side dishes (at least once a week), and compared women's weekday housework time for each number of these installed.As a result, there was a tendency for housework time to decrease as the number of introductions increased, suggesting that the use of these services and home appliances may contribute to reducing the time women spend doing housework.
Relationship between full-time wife's weekday housework and childcare hours and well-being (a concept that means that individual rights and self-fulfillment are guaranteed, and that the person is in a good physical, mental, and social condition) , there was a tendency for well-being to worsen as the wife's housework time increased.On the other hand, no such relationship was confirmed between childcare time and Well-being.This result suggests that housework time may be related to wives' well-being.
We categorize wives' work status into three categories: full-time housewife, employed (other than full-time), and employed (full-time). calculation.In addition, husbands are not classified because most of them are employed (full-time) in any category.The gap with the ideal number of children for full-time housewives was -3, -0.28 for employed (other than full-time), and -0.27 for employed (full-time).However, no statistically significant difference was observed.
The Hamastadhi Study, a five-year cohort study from 2022 to 2026.This is the result of Wave 5 survey in the first year. Wave 1 will be conducted in FY1, and Waves 2023 to 2 will continue to be implemented and analyzed after FY2024. From Wave 3 onwards, changes in policies and changes in individual households will be captured, and the relationship between those changes and each index will be clarified.The results of this survey will be fed back to Yokohama City, and will be used to consider future policies.The protocol of this study was submitted to Research Square, a preprint server, and made public. (Online May 5).In this report, we mainly report the results of the analysis focusing on the time spent on housework and childcare by married couples.
