A collaborative research group led by Professor Kenya Honda of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine has 8 types of intestines that activate immune cell CD8-positive T cells (hereinafter referred to as CD11 T cells) from the stool of healthy subjects. It was shown that infection and tumor growth were suppressed by identifying and isolating gut microbiota strains and administering these strains to mice.
Since various indigenous bacteria exist in the digestive tract and are known to have a strong influence on the human immune system and physiological functions, the indigenous bacteria in the digestive tract are new treatments and preventive methods for various diseases. It is attracting attention as a target. Since CD8T cells play an important role mainly in infection defense of intracellular parasites and antitumor immune response, their cell number is considered to be involved in the activity of immune function.However, human-derived gut microbiota that regulate the host's immune system have not been identified and isolated so much, and in particular, the relationship between CD8T cells and gut microbiota has been unclear.
Therefore, the group finally succeeded in isolating and identifying 8 gut microbiota strains by administering a stool sample of a healthy subject to sterile mice and obtaining a bacterial strain from the CD11T cells induced by the administration.Then, it was found that these strains work cooperatively to strongly induce CD11 T cells.Furthermore, XNUMX isolated strains were administered to mice, and it was clarified that these strains enhance infection resistance to pathogenic bacteria and anticancer immune response.
This result is expected to lead to the development of preventive and therapeutic methods for infectious diseases and cancer in humans in the future.
Paper information:[Nature] A defined commensal consortium elicits CD8T cells and anti-cancer immunity
