The research group of Toshio Yamagishi, a research fellow at the Institute of Brain Science, Tamagawa University, found that "altruists" are more supportive when they make decisions faster, and "egoists" are more supportive when they take longer to make decisions. It was revealed for the first time in the world to behave.
The question of "time-consuming and thoughtful behavior" or "quick and intuitive behavior" has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years, and research has been conducted in a wide range of fields. Whether the position is correct has not yet been decided.
Therefore, this time, we played multiple economic games for 20 men and women in their 50s to 443s, and investigated the relationship between cooperative behavior and speed of decision-making.For example, in a dictator game, a group of two people is divided into a "divider" and a "receiver", and the splitr is "You are XX yen, I am XX yen. The amount of money that the sharer gives to the recipient is used as an index of cooperative action.
Those who are classified as altruists (= prioritizing the interests of others over their own interests) as a result of playing multiple economic games are non-cooperative when making quick decisions and not when they take time to make decisions. Cooperative, on the other hand, those who are classified as selfish (= prioritize their own interests over the interests of others) are uncooperative when making quick decisions and become cooperative when they take time to make decisions. I understood.
Also, altruist decision-making time increased as social risk aversion increased.This is because those who cooperate in early decision-making hesitate to be cooperative when they spend time thinking about the fear of being exploited by others, while egoists who cooperate over time are short-term. It was suggested that they would cooperate in consideration of long-term interests, including their own reputation, rather than their own interests.
From these results, it is considered that there are both people who cooperate quickly and intuitively and those who pursue self-interest in society, and these two types of people cooperate by different mechanisms. It was found that in order to derive cooperative behavior from both, a system that assumes at least two types of human models rather than a single human model is required.
Paper Information: [Proceedings of the American Academy of Sciences (online version)] Response Time in Economic Games Reflects Different Types of Decision Conflict for Prosocial and Proself Individuals
