A research group led by Professor Hitoshi Yamamoto of the Faculty of Business Administration, Rissho University, Professor Eizo Akiyama of the Faculty of Systems and Information Sciences, University of Tsukuba, and Ryohei Umetani, a Ph.D. It was clarified that such negative behavior tends to occur in a chain reaction not only to the direct partner who was robbed, but also to third parties.
Humans are considered a very cooperative species compared to other species.In fact, people have actions such as "repayment" in which they directly repay the person who cooperated with them, and "sharing" in which the cooperating person cooperates with an unknown third party.Gains through cooperation tend to result in cooperative retaliation from the other party, while losses through betrayal induce retaliation from the other party.However, if it is not possible to directly retaliate against the person who caused the loss to oneself, there are quantitative quantifications such as whether the person will try to recover the lost amount even from an unknown third party, and to what extent such actions will lead to a chain reaction. Analysis was lacking.
Therefore, in the research, we quantitatively examined this issue.As a result, when someone steals one's resources, regardless of whether it was an intentional action or not, taking resources from even a stranger to recover the loss, that is, negative behavior It was shown to chain to a third party as well.So far, the research group has clarified that behavioral intentions play an important role in the chain of cooperation with third parties, such as sharing.However, the results of this study showed that the negative behavior of stealing is linked to a third party regardless of the intention of the behavior.In the future, we will proceed with research that assumes situations in which it is possible to cooperate with or take away from the other party.Knowing the mechanism of such negative behavior is thought to contribute to the realization of a stable cooperative society.
Published paper
【Title】.(Negative Actions Create Negative Upstream Reciprocity)
[Published magazine]
[Publication date] July 2023, 7
[DOI] 10.1371/journal.pone.0288019
Paper information:[PLoS ONE] Individuals reciprocate negative actions revealing negative upstream reciprocity
