The survey was carried out between January and February 2023 by distributing questionnaires to domestic universities, national testing and research institutes, public testing and research institutes, etc., to investigate the enrollment status, employment status, and transfer/transfer status of postdoctoral fellows.

　According to the report, there were 2021 postdoctoral fellows in 1, a decrease of 3,657% compared to the previous survey in 2018. The breakdown is 12.4% for men and 69.5% for women. The average age is 30.5 years old, and the proportion of women has increased slightly, and the average age is rising.

　33.1% of all postdoctoral fellows are foreign nationals. By country and region, Asians such as China, India, and Korea accounted for 21.8% of the total. 3% have a term of less than three years. At my previous job, 77.0% of the students were doctoral students, and there were more people from my own institution than from other institutions.

　67.9% of people continued their postdoctoral positions in the next year. Only 17.2% found jobs as university teachers or research and development positions. Regarding the monthly salary level, which was added to the survey from fiscal 2021, 35% of respondents were between 40 yen and 16.8 yen, which was the most common. This was followed by 30% of those with 35 yen or more but less than 16.4 yen. 20% of respondents received less than 15.2 yen.

　Only a handful of postdoctoral fellows find employment as university teachers or researchers at research institutions, and the majority continue to work in unstable positions with low pay. This is because the career path for postdoctoral fellows, which is common in Europe and the United States, is not well established in Japan, and this is a major issue facing universities.

reference:[Institute for Science and Technology Policy] Survey on employment and career paths for postdoctoral fellows (2021 results) (PDF)